Name	Estimated dates of birth and death	Key roles
Himilco of Lilybaeum	d230	Valiant defender of Lilybaeum 254-249 during the First Punic War
Adherbal the Admiral	d230	Commander of Carthaginian fleet who won mastery of the seas for Carthage in 251-250 (First Punic War)He was in command at least until 249 BC (Drepana)
Hamilcar Barca	b275-272 d225	The Thunderbolt. Father to Hannibal. Enemy of Hanno. died near Helche
Hanno the Great	d215-205	Enemy of the Barcids. General in the Mercenary war.
Hasdrubal the Handsome	d205	Son-in-law of Hamilcar Barca. Assasinated by a Spanish patriot. Accused of attempting to establish a dynasty in Spain.
Maharbal son of Himilco	236?-165?	Cavalry commander and lieutenant of Hannibal. Probably not the son of Himilco of Lilybaeum.
Hanno "The Rab"	195?-130?	Conservative politician, who convinced Carthage to trust Rome's mercy prior to the start of 3PW
Hasdrubal "The Boetarch"		Leader of Carthaginian army during 3PW.
Hannibal "The Rhodian"	275-240/235?	"famous" blockade runner during the 1PW due to his speedy ships -cheated repeatedly the Roman naval blockade to Lylibeon
Xanthippus		While not actually Carthaginian, he certainly helped them. He was a Greek mercenary general (Spartan, I believe) that trained Carthaginian troops during the First Punic War and supposedly led them in a battle near Tunis, where they routed the Roman expeditionary force under Regulus in 255
Carthalo (General/Admiral)	290?-240/235?	General/admiral who recaptured Agrigentum in 255-54, relieved Drepana in 254 and then co-operated with Adherbal after the battle of Drepana in 249 in keeping the sea power for Carthage. His manouvres between Lylibeo and Pachynus caused severe damages to two Roman fleets (burning and capturing ships in the West, relenting the navigation and exposing the Romans to a storm in the east). After that he operated on land near Eryx where he recaptured the fortified place of Akellos with 800 Romans among which the Consul Iunius Pullus! He was still in Sicily when Hamilkar Barka arrived and then misteriously disappeared around 248-246?? as Adherbal had already done before.
Hasdrubal (General)	295- 245/-240	commander in chief of the Carthaginians in Africa against Regulus before and at the Bagradas Battle of 255 BC (Xanthippus was the trainer/planner but the Carthaginians certainly did not let him have the official leadership of the battle!) can be accounted. He was sent to Sicily but did not take advantage of the momentarily upperhand for Carthage, laft Panormus undefended and then was beaten by the Romans under its walls!! Contrarily to Adherbal and Carthalo, he was the typical product of the Carthaginian tradition of "wait and see, they will get tired!"
Gisgo,	290/280?-238	Commanded at Lylibeo after Himilko, being as brave as his predecessor, he correctly sent the Mercs back in small groups. Father of Hasdrubal Gisgo. killed by the Mercs, commanded at Lylibeum in the last years of war(and thus we should assume Himilko died or was dismissed). Certainly a capable commander we can guess he was close to Hamilkar and was probably father to Hasdrubal Gisgo who lost at .
Hasdrubal Gisgo	250?-200-180	probably son of Gisgo of Lylibeon and slightly older to the Barkas brothers, was preferred to them for commanding in Spain. Repeatedly beaten by Scipio (llipa and Great Plains)
Hanno		accompanied Hannibal in Italy
Mago Saunites	b245?	commanded the Bruttium area and guided the cavalry ambush at Herdonea 212 BC,father to Hamilkar Saunites
Hamilcar Saunites (son of Mago S. ?)probably son of Mago S. he was leader of the demos	210-150	leader with Carthalo the Boetarch of the democratic party some years after Hannibal departure while Hasdrubal the Kid was leader of the pro-Numidian party and Hanno the Rab that of the pro-Romans
Himilco Phameas and	170?-110	PW3 - led the cavalry (the 1st of them deserted to the Romans in 147after beating them several times and went to Rome after his defection )commander of the cavalry beated repeatedly the Romans in PW3 but changed side when he saw Carthage was doomed.
Bythia		PW3 - led the cavalry
Hamilcar the general/ admiral	295-250/240	general at Agrigentum, then admiral at Ecnomus and possibly in Sicily again until was recalled to join Hasdrubal and Bostar against Regulus in Africa. His battleplan at Ecnomus was brilliant but executing it by oars was all another matter....
Hasdrubal	250?-200/180	Commander of the HCav at Cannae (and at Trebbia), of him we have no subsequent news (AFAIK), but certainly one of the best officers of Hannibal's equipe. leader of the heavy cavalry at Trebia and Cannae, his triple charge there is still regarded as exceptiona Maybe he was some attendant to Hamilcar in Spain so he died of age or left Italy much sooner than 202 BC.
Bomilkar the admiral		belonging probably to the democratic party he took command after the Karts had already lost a couple of squadrons around Italy. Though never determinant he covered for a while the Sicilian invasion and then deliverd to Hannibal the only support ever directed to Italy before Hasdrubal Barka in 207 BC.
Mytonnes/Muttines	240/235?-180	original from one of the other Phoenician cities of Africa, he bravely leaded the Numidians in Sicily until he deserted to the Romans because of the stupidity of the "aristocratic" Commander Hanno
Carthalo the Boetarch	200-150	guided the army in the exhausting border attritions with Masinissa
Hasdrubal Clitomacus	190?-130/125	a Platonic philosopher, moved to Athens before 146, becoming the leader of the Platonic school. If Carthage had won the 2nd war it is possible he might have decide to remain in his city and become a political leader
Hasdrubal the Kid :	d160?	he led the pro-Massinissa party who hoped to unite the north Africa under the king and then re-Punicize the kingdom at his death (not a bad idea, actually!). His party was expelled from carthage before 149 BC
Hanno the lieutenant	245?-200/180	probably relative to the Barkas, sometimes commanded separated corps of the Chartaginian army in Italy

Hamilcar (Amilkas)

(1) A Carthaginian general, son of Mago, or, according to others, of Hanno , conquered by Gelon, in Sicily, the same day that Xerxes was defeated at Salamis. Herodotus (vii. 165) states that he was never seen either living or dead after the battle in which his army was defeated. According to Polyaenus, however (i. 27, 2), Gelon destroyed him by a stratagem while sacrificing.

(2) Surnamed Rhodanus, a Carthaginian general of considerable talent. Perceiving his fellow-citizens to be greatly disquieted at the projects of Alexander of Macedon (B.C. 332), he betook himself to that prince, in order, if possible, to penetrate his designs, and give his countrymen timely notice of them. After the death of Alexander he returned to Carthage, where he was put to death, on false accusations of treason, as the recompense of his devotion to his country ( Just.xxi. 5).

(3) A Carthaginian general, in the time of Agathocles, tyrant of Sicily. He came to the succour of Syracuse when besieged by that usurper. Being gained over, however, by the gold of Agathocles, he prevailed on the Syracusans to make peace, and favoured by his inaction the schemes of the tyrant. The Carthaginian Senate condemned him to lose his head, but he died at Syracuse, B.C. 311, before the sentence could be made public ( Just.xxii. 2).

(4) The son of Giscon; a Carthaginian general, sent into Sicily about B.C. 311, to oppose the progress of Agathocles. On his arrival he gained a victory, which opened to him the gates of several large cities. In attempting to make himself master of Syracuse, during the absence of Agathocles in Africa, he was taken prisoner and put to death, B.C. 309.

(5) Surnamed Barca, the leader of the popular party at Carthage, appointed in the eighteenth year of the First Punic War (B.C. 247) to the command of the Carthaginian armies. No particulars have been preserved respecting his early life or the time of his birth; but it is learned from Nepos (Hamil. 1) that he was very young when he obtained the command. He ravaged with his fleet the coast of the Bruttii and [p. 766] the Epizephyrian Locrians, and afterwards seized upon a strong fortress in Sicily, which was situated between Eryx and Panormus. In this place he continued for some years, with very little support from the Carthaginian government; and, although the Romans were masters of almost the whole of the island, they were unable to dislodge him. He frequently ravaged the southern coasts of Italy as far as Cumae, and defeated the Roman troops in Sicily. On one occasion he took Eryx, which he held till the conclusion of the war. The Romans at length fitted out a fleet to cut off all communication between Hamilcar and Carthage; the Carthaginian fleet sent to his assistance was defeated by the Roman consul Lutatius Catulus (B.C. 241), and the Carthaginians were obliged to sue for peace. This was granted by the Romans; and Hamilcar led his troops from Eryx to Lilybaeum, whence they were conveyed to Africa. But a new danger awaited Carthage. The Carthaginian treasury was exhausted; and it was proposed to the troops that they should relinquish a part of the pay which was due to them. The soldiers rejected the proposal, appointed two of their number, Spendius and Matho, commanders, and proceeded to enforce their demands. Being joined by many of the native tribes of Africa, they defeated Hanno , the Carthaginian general sent against them, and brought Carthage to the brink of ruin. In these desperate circumstances Hamilcar was appointed to the command, and at length succeeded in subduing them after the war had lasted three years and four months. After the end of this war Hamilcar was sent into Spain (B.C. 238). He remained in Spain nearly nine years, during which time he extended the dominion of Carthage over the southern and eastern parts of that country. He fell in a battle against the natives (B.C. 229), leaving three sons, Hasdrubal, Mago, and Hannibal. The abilities of Hamilcar were of the highest order; and he directed all the energies of his mind to diminish the power of Rome. Polybius states his belief (Bk. iii.) that his administration would soon have produced another war with the Romans, if he had not been prevented by the disorders in which his country was involved through the war of the mercenaries. Hamilcar was succeeded in his command in Spain by his son-in-law Hasdrubal, who must not be confounded with Hasdrubal, the brother of Hannibal. See Polyb. i., ii.; Corn. Nep. Hamil. 3, and the striking picture given in Flaubert's novel, Salammb�.

(6) A Carthaginian general, son of Bomilcar, conquered by the Scipios (B.C. 215) when besieging Ilitingis, in Hispania Baetica, along with Hasdrubal and Mago. He is supposed by some to be the same with the Hamilcar who, fifteen years after, at the head of a body of Gauls, took and sacked Placentia, and was defeated and slain before Cremona. Others affirm that he was taken prisoner three years later in a battle fought near the Mincius, and served to grace the victory of the conqueror (Livy, xxiii. 49; xxxi. 10; xxxii. 23; Pliny , Pliny H. N.iii. 1).

Hasdrubal (Asdroubas, meaning in Punic �(whose) help (is) Baal�).

(1) A Carthaginian general, son of Mago, who succeeded to the titles and glory of his father. It was under his conduct that the Carthaginians carried the war into Sardinia. He received in that island a wound which caused his death, B.C. 420 ( Just.xix. 1).

(2) Son of the preceding, made war upon the Numidians, and freed Carthage from the tribute she had been compelled to pay for being permitted to establish herself on the coast of Africa ( Just.xix. 2).

(3) A son of Hanno , sent into Sicily at the head of a powerful army to oppose the Romans. He was defeated by Metellus, the Roman proconsul, B.C. 251. Hasdrubal fled to Lilybaeum, but was condemned to death by his countrymen at home.

(4) Son-in-law of Hamilcar, distinguished himself under the orders of that general in the war with Numidia. On the death of his father-in-law he was appointed commander, and carried on military operations in Spain during eight years. He reduced the greater part of that country, and governed it with wisdom and prudence. He founded Carthago Nova (Carthagena). The Romans, wishing to put a stop to his successes, made a treaty with Carthage, by which the latter bound herself not to carry her arms beyond the Iberus. Hasdrubal faithfully observed the terms of this compact. He was slain, B.C. 220, by a slave whose master he had put to death (Livy, xxi. 2; Polyb. ii. 1, 13, iii. 12, x. 10).

(5) Son of Hamilcar, brought from Spain large reinforcements for his brother Hannibal. He crossed the barrier of the Alps, and arrived in Italy, but the consuls Livius Salinator and Claudius Nero, having intercepted the letters which he had written to Hannibal, informing him of his arrival, attacked him near the river Metaurus, and gave him a complete defeat, B.C. 208. Hasdrubal fell in the battle, with 56,000 of his troops. The Romans lost about 8000 men, and made 5400 prisoners. The head of Hasdrubal [p. 773] was severed from his body, and was thrown a few days afterwards into the camp of Hannibal. Before attempting to enter Italy by land, Hasdrubal attempted to cross the sea from Spain, but was defeated by the Roman governor of Sardinia (Livy, xxi. 23; Polyb. xi. 1).

(6) A Carthaginian commander, son of Giscon, who commanded the forces of his country in Spain during the time of Hannibal. Being seconded by Syphax, he afterwards carried on the war against the Romans in Africa, but was defeated by Scipio. He died B.C. 206 (Livy, xxiv. 41Livy, xxix. 35Livy, xxx. 5).

(7) A Carthaginian, surnamed �the Kid� (haedus), an opponent of the Barca faction. He advised his countrymen to make peace with the Romans, and censured the ironical laugh of Hannibal in the Carthaginian Senate, after the peace was concluded.

(8) A Carthaginian general, who, during the siege of Carthage by the Romans, commanded an army of 20,000 men without the walls, with which he kept constantly harassing the besiegers. Being compelled at last to take refuge with his forces within the city, he took command of the place, and for a long time bravely withstood the attacks of the Romans. After the capture of the city, he retired with the Roman deserters, who had no quarter to expect, into the temple of Aesculapius in the citadel, resolved to bury himself under its ruins, taking with him, at the same time, his wife and two young sons. At length, however, having secretly left the temple, he threw himself at the feet of Scipio, and supplicated for life. Scipio granted his request, and showed him as a suppliant to the deserters in the temple. These desperate men, after venting against him a torrent of reproaches, set fire to the temple, and perished amid the flames. His wife, when the fire was kindling, displayed herself on the walls of the building in the richest attire she could procure, and, having upbraided her husband for his cowardice, slew her two sons, and threw herself, with them, into the burning pile (Appian, Bell. Pun. 131).

Mago (Mag�n).

(1) A Carthaginian general sent against Dionysius, the Sicilian tyrant, over whom he obtained a victory, but was subsequently slain in battle.

(2) A son of the preceding, who succeeded his father in command of the Carthaginian army. He laid siege to Syracuse, but fled on the [p. 999] approach of Timoleon. Being impeached for cowardice by the Senate of Carthage, he escaped execution by committing suicide. After his death, his body was gibbeted and exposed in public.

Hannibal (Annibas, equivalent in Punic to gratia Baalis; cf. the Biblical Hanniel).

(1) The son of Gisco who in B.C. 409 aided the Segestans against the Selinuntines. He took Selinus and Himera, but died in 406 while besieging Agrigentum.

(2) Son of Gisco, the commander of Lilybaeum at the close of the First Punic War. He was besieged in Agrigentum by the Romans in B.C. 262, but broke through the lines and escaped. He ravaged the coast of Italy, was defeated by Duilius (260), and failed in the defence of Sardinia (259), being soon after slain by his mutinous soldiers.

(3) Son of Hamilcar Barca (see Hamilcar), and born in B.C. 247.